Reviews the theory and available test data on the internal pressure capacity of fabricated elbows in order to establish those sets of conditions under which the "elbow stress" is significant and to provide a basis for recommending appropriate changes…
The objectives of this investigation were (a) to determine the uniformity of properties in large diameter pipeline fittings and (b) to determine how well the properties measured using specimens obtained directly from the fitting corresponded with the…
In an earlier study the tensile properties measured with specimens taken from a quenched-and-tempered 30x30x30x0.625-inch Y60 tee manufactured in the mid-1960s were found to be appreciably lower than those reported by the supplier. Also, the impact…
Sometimes heat treated components fail to pass the specified minimum mechanical requirements (yield strength, Charpy V-notch toughness). The influence of the complete heat cycle on the end results is not well understood and without a N.D.T. method…
This report presents guidelines based on the study of current practices in the design and manufacture of high-pressure pipe fittings (size tees, reducing tees, elbows, and caps) from 4 to 12 inches. Based on fitting measurements, finite-element…
The properties of a pipe fitting reported by the manufacturer normally are measured using test specimens prepared from trim material that is removed from the fitting after forming and that, subsequently, is welded to the fitting for heat treatment…
Fittings specified to be in accordance with MSS SP-75 have been found by purchasers to have fitting yield strengths less than the matching specified pipe without the marking required in MSS SP-75 17.1c. As will be discussed, there are two strength…
Fittings (elbows, tees, caps, and reducers) are the most common components used in pipelines that are typically furnished in a heat-treated condition, such as normalized, normalized and tempered, or quenched and tempered. Recent industry experience…